Economic value for the recycling of waste lithium batteries

Cobalt, lithium, copper and plastics in waste lithium batteries are valuable resources with high recycling value. Therefore, scientific and effective treatment and disposal of waste lithium batteries not only has significant environmental benefits, but also has good economic benefits. Lithium batteries are mainly composed of shell, positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte and separator. The positive electrode is formed by coating lithium cobalt oxide powder on both sides of the aluminum foil current collector through PVDF that acts as a bond; the negative electrode structure is similar to the positive electrode, and is composed of carbon powder bonded to both sides of the copper foil current collector.

At present, the research on the recycling of waste lithium batteries mainly focuses on the recovery of high-value cathode precious metals cobalt and lithium, and there are few reports on the separation and recovery of anode materials. The copper (content of about 35%) of the negative electrode sheet of the waste lithium battery is an important raw material widely used, and the carbon powder adhered to it can be used as additives such as plastics and rubbers. Therefore, the effective separation of the constituent materials of the negative electrode sheet of the waste lithium battery has a driving effect on realizing the resource utilization of the waste lithium battery to the maximum extent and eliminating its corresponding environmental impact. Commonly used waste lithium battery recycling methods include hydrometallurgy, pyrometallurgy and mechanical physics. Compared with the wet method and the fire method, the mechanical physical method does not need chemical reagents and consumes less energy. It is an environmentally friendly and efficient method.

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